{"aliases":[],"awards":[],"biography_summary":"Ghulam Ishaq Khan (20 January 1915 \u2013 27 October 2006), commonly known by his initials GIK, was a Pakistani bureaucrat, politician, and statesman who served as the seventh president of Pakistan from 1988 to 1993. He previously served as chairman of the Senate from 1985 to 1988 under president Zia-ul-Haq, and assumed the presidency in accordance with the constitutional line of succession following Zia's death. Raised in Bannu, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa,Khan graduated from Peshawar University and entered the Indian Civil Service, opting for Pakistan after independence in 1947. Appointed the first chairman of the Water and Power Development Authority by President Ayub Khan in 1961, Ghulam Ishaq also served as Finance Secretary from 1966 to 1970. A year later, he was appointed Governor of the State Bank by President Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, before being made Defence Secretary in 1975, assisting with Pakistan's atomic bomb programme. He was retained by President Zia-ul-Haq as Finance Minister in 1977, overseeing the country's highest GDP growth average. Elected Chairman of the Senate in 1985, Khan was elevated to the presidency after Zia's death in an air crash on 17 August 1988. He was elected president on 13 December, as the consensus candidate of the Islami Jamhoori Ittehad and Pakistan People's Party. The oldest person to serve as president, Ghulam Ishaq Khan played a hawkish role against Communist Afghanistan, while relations with the United States deteriorated following the Pressler amendment.","birth_date":"1915-01-20","birth_place":"Bannu District","birth_place_coordinates":{"latitude":32.90357,"longitude":70.63676},"birth_place_wikidata_id":"Q3030995","birth_place_wikidata_url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3030995","canonical_name":"Ghulam Ishaq Khan","canonical_url":"https://zh-cn.instaget.online/people/3f7e77d1590a31014b87e75a","citizenships":["Pakistan","British Raj"],"death_date":"2006-10-27","description":"7th President of Pakistan (1915-2006)","external_ids":{"isni":{"id":"0000000029678756","url":"https://isni.org/isni/0000000029678756"},"loc":{"id":"n89635094","url":"https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n89635094.html"},"viaf":{"id":"68075625","url":"https://viaf.org/viaf/68075625/"}},"full_name":"Ghulam Ishaq Khan","height_cm":null,"names":{"aliases":[],"birth":[],"native":[],"official":[]},"native_name":null,"notable_works":[],"occupations":["politician","financier","botanist"],"official_websites":[],"photo":{"author":"pavilion7","license":"CC0","license_url":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","source":"Wikimedia Commons","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ghulam_Ishaq_Khan_(cropped).JPG","url":"https://instaget-public-commons.tor1.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/public/commons/4e74d9b12767015a0a57f554b4fd70a02c792c1a477a50b7c8281c89ccd93a5a"},"profile_url":"https://zh-cn.instaget.online/people/3f7e77d1590a31014b87e75a","provenance":{"catalog":"wikidata_wikipedia","fetched_at":"2026-08-29T07:11:14Z","social_archives_included":false,"source_url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q314776"},"public_hash":"3f7e77d1590a31014b87e75a","schema_version":"1.1","socials":{},"tags":[{"key":"category:politics-and-public-service","label":"Politics and public service","type":"category"},{"key":"category:business-and-finance","label":"Business and finance","type":"category"},{"key":"occupation:politician","label":"politician","type":"occupation"},{"key":"occupation:financier","label":"financier","type":"occupation"},{"key":"occupation:botanist","label":"botanist","type":"occupation"},{"key":"country:bannu district","label":"Bannu District","type":"country"},{"key":"citizenship:pakistan","label":"Pakistan","type":"citizenship"},{"key":"citizenship:british raj","label":"British Raj","type":"citizenship"}],"wikidata_id":"Q314776","wikidata_url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q314776","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghulam_Ishaq_Khan"}